Bioaccumulative and or Persistent
Highly toxic to birds acute oral LD50 (LD50 < 200mg/bg bw)
Highly toxic to birds acute oral LD50 (LD50 < 200mg/bg bw)There are eight toxicity classes in the European Union's classification system, which is regulated by Directive 67/548/EEC.
Very toxic and toxic substances are marked by the European toxicity symbol.
The Dangerous Substances Directive[1] (as amended) was one of the main European Union laws concerning chemical safety, until its full replacement by the new regulation CLP regulation (2008), starting in 2016. It was made under Article 100 (Art. 94 in a consolidated version)[2] of the Treaty of Rome. By agreement, it is also applicable in the EEA,[3] and compliance with the directive will ensure compliance with the relevant Swiss laws.[4]
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous_Substances_Directive_(67/548/EEC)
"An endocrine disruptor is an exogenous substance or mixture
that alters function(s) of the endocrine system and consequently causes
adverse health effects in an intact organism, or its progeny, or
(sub)populations"
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/endocrine/definitions/endodis_...
It is intended that the priority list of chemicals developed within the EU-Strategy for Endocrine Disruptors will be used to prioritise further detailed review of the information. However, it is important that the listings produced are not regarded as final and unchangeable: addition and removal of chemicals may be required in response to either developments in scientific knowledge or changes in chemical usage patterns.
The priority list was to be established in two phases, first an independent review of evidence of endocrine disrupting effects and human/wildlife exposure and second a priority-setting exercise in consultations with stakeholders and the Commission Scientific Committees.
The different steps of the process include:
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/endocrine/strategy/substances_...
WHO Class I – a: extremely hazardous
WHO class I – b: highly hazardous
Highly Hazardous Pesticides are defined according to the FAO/WHO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Management (JMPM). The JMPM, in their 2nd session in October 2008, recommended that highly hazardous pesticides should be defined as having one or more of the following characteristics:
1) Pesticide formulations that meet the criteria of classes Ia (extremely hazardous) or Ib (highly hazardous) of the WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard;
2) Pesticide active ingredients and their formulations that meet the criteria of carcinogenicity Categories 1A and 1B of the Globally Harmonized System on Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS);
3) Pesticide active ingredients and their formulations that meet the criteria of mutagenicity Categories 1A and 1B of the Globally Harmonized System on Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS);
4) Pesticide active ingredients and their formulations that meet the criteria of reproductive toxicity Categories 1A and 1B of the Globally Harmonized System on Classification and Labelling of Chemicals;
5) Pesticide active ingredients listed by the Stockholm Convention in its Annexes A and B, and those meeting all the criteria in paragraph 1 of Annex D of the Convention;
6) Pesticide active ingredients and formulations listed by the Rotterdam Convention in its Annex III;
7) Pesticides listed under the Montreal Protocol.
Group 1: the agent (mixture) is definitely carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are carcinogenic to humans.
Group 1: the agent (mixture) is definitely carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are carcinogenic to humans.
Group 2A: the agent (mixture) is probably carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are probably carcinogenic to humans.
Group 2A: the agent (mixture) is probably carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are probably carcinogenic to humans.
Acute oral LD50 for most sensitive mammal species (LD50 < 200mg/kg bw).
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are chemical substances that
persist in the environment, bioaccumulate through the food web,
and pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health
and the environment. This group of priority pollutants
consists of pesticides (such as DDT), industrial chemicals
(such as polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs) and unintentional
by-products of industrial processes (such as dioxins and
furans).
Persistent Organic Pollutants are transported across international
boundaries far from their sources, even to regions where they
have never been used or produced. The ecosystems and
indigenous people of the Arctic are particularly at risk
because of the long-range environmental transportation and
bio-magnification of these substances. Consequently,
persistent organic pollutants pose a threat to the
environment and to human health all over the globe.
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/international_conventions/inde...
http://www.pic.int/TheConvention/Chemicals/AnnexIIIChemicals/tabid/1132/...
Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) is a European Union regulation dated 18 December 2006.[1] REACH addresses the production and use of chemical substances,
and their potential impacts on both human health and the environment.
Its 849 pages took seven years to pass, and it has been described as the
most complex legislation in the Union's history[2] and the most important in 20 years.[3] It is the strictest law to date regulating chemical substances and will affect industries throughout the world.[4]
REACH entered into force on 1 June 2007, with a phased implementation
over the next decade. The regulation also established the European Chemicals Agency, which manages the technical, scientific and administrative aspects of REACH.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Registration,_Evaluation,_Authorisation_an...
The
SAN List of Pesticides for Use with Risk Mitigation defined by Oregon State
University. (SAN risk pesticide lists requiring Risk Mitigation)
WHO Class II: moderately hazardous
WHO III: slightly hazardous
The World Health Organization names four toxicity classes: Class 1 – a: extremely hazardous Class 2 – b: highly hazardous Class 3: moderately hazardous Class 4: slightly hazardous The system is based on LD50 determination in rats, thus an oral solid agent with an LD50 at 5mg or less/kg bodyweight is Class I-a, at 5-50 mg/kg Class I-b, at 50-500 mg/kg Class II, and at more than 500 mg/kg Class III. Values may differ for liquid oral agents and dermal agents.